Russia’s declining population has become one of the most pressing challenges facing the country, prompting the government to explore a range of bold and sometimes controversial measures. As the war with Ukraine continues to place strain on society and the economy, demographic indicators paint a troubling picture. In 2024, Russia recorded just over 1.22 million births, the lowest figure since 1999 and nearly one-third lower than in 2014.
In response, the Kremlin has proposed restricting electricity and internet usage during certain night-time hours as a means of encouraging higher birth rates. The idea reflects growing concern that modern, technology-driven lifestyles are eroding family life and discouraging young couples from having children.
Supporters of the proposal argue that constant exposure to digital screens has reshaped social behaviour. Late-night scrolling, online entertainment and social media engagement, they say, are replacing face-to-face interaction between partners. This shift, according to advocates, has contributed to emotional distance within families and reduced interest in starting or expanding households.
The government believes that limiting night-time access to electricity and internet services could help reverse these trends by nudging people towards healthier routines and stronger family connections. Officials emphasise that the goal is not punishment, but behavioural change in the interest of national survival.
However, critics remain unconvinced. They argue that such policies overlook the economic realities facing young Russians. Housing affordability remains a major obstacle, while inflation and stagnant wages have made it increasingly difficult to support a family. Job insecurity, exacerbated by the ongoing war and international sanctions, has further dampened confidence in the future.
Beyond the electricity and internet proposal, the government is also considering a range of other measures. These include the idea of establishing a so-called “Ministry of Sex” to promote childbirth, offering financial incentives of up to 5,000 roubles for having a child, and providing special subsidies for newlyweds to spend their first night together in designated accommodation.
While Russia already offers maternity benefits, lump-sum payments at childbirth and extended parental support programmes, these initiatives have failed to halt the downward trend in births. The revival of the Soviet-era “Mother Heroine” award for women who give birth to more than ten children underscores the symbolic importance the state places on population growth.
Experts warn that without addressing fundamental economic and social issues, such measures may have limited impact. They argue that genuine demographic recovery requires long-term investment in housing, education, healthcare and employment security, rather than behavioural restrictions alone.