The Historic Naming of ‘Bangladesh’ on 5 December

On 5 December 1969, during an Awami League memorial gathering at the Racecourse Ground commemorating the death anniversary of Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, a single word was spoken that would come to define a nation: Bangladesh.

It was on this historic day that Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, speaking on behalf of the people, declared that Pakistan’s eastern province would no longer be called “East Pakistan.” From that moment, it would officially be known as Bangladesh—a proclamation recorded in his renowned memoir, Karagarer Rojnamcha.

With a mixture of sorrow and steadfast resolve, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman addressed the crowd, saying:

“At one time, attempts were made to erase the final remnants of the word ‘Bangla’ from this land and from the map. Except for the Bay of Bengal, the word ‘Bangla’ was not allowed to survive anywhere. On behalf of the people, I declare that from today this territory will be named only ‘Bangladesh’.”

This declaration was more than a change of nomenclature; it marked a pivotal moment in the struggle for recognition, self-respect, and autonomy for the Bangali people. By reclaiming the word “Bangla” and embedding it into the nation’s identity, the proclamation symbolised the revival of ethnic consciousness and the resolve for self-determination.

The events of 5 December 1969 stand as a cornerstone in Bangladesh’s journey toward independence, laying the foundation for the eventual liberation movement. It was a day when the voice of a people—long denied acknowledgement—was affirmed through a single, powerful word.

Significance of 5 December 1969

Today, 5 December is remembered not merely as a commemoration but as a proud reaffirmation of a nation’s identity—a day when the Bangali people boldly reclaimed the name that symbolises their heritage, culture, and aspirations.